Hot-air furnace



2 Sheets-Sheet I;

(No Model.)

F. E. ADAM.

HOT AIR FURNAGE.

No; 3? ,024). Patented 001;. 4, 1887.

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WITNESSES.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

P. E. ADAM.

HOT AIR FURNACE.

Patented Oct. 4, 1887.

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INVENTORI WIT NESSES I BY CAM 8.vuv rvrv- ATTORNEY.

N. PETERS. Phdollllmgmphon Wnihmglun. Dvc.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK E. ADAM, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

HOT-AIR FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 371,020, dated October4, 1887.

Application filed March 21 1887.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK E. ADAM, a citizen of the United States,residing at Baltimore, in the State ofMaryland, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Hot- Air Furnaces, of which the followingis aspecification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in furnaces for producinghot air for heating houses.

The invention is fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings, inwhich- Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the furnace. Fig.2 is a front elevation. Fig. 8 is a vertical section through the frontpart on the line 3 3. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of thedraft-regulator on line 4 4. Fig. 5 is a plan of the base of thefurnace, taken on the horizontal line 5 5. Fig. 6 is a bottom view or-aninverted plan of the base. Fig. 7 is a vertical cross section of thehot-air chambers and smoke-flues on the line 7. Fig. Sis a top view,detail, of the smoke-flues. Fig. 9 is .a View of the shaking'grate. Fig.10 is-a plan of the shaking ash-screen. Fig. 11 is a view of thedetachable cokehopper. Figs. 12, 13, and 14 are views of the fuel-feeddoor;

The letter A designates the fire-cylinder; B, the grate; G, thecombustion-chamber; D, smoke-fines; E, cylindric hot-air easingsurrounding the smoke-fines, and F an exterior jacket inclosing thewhole to prevent radiation of heat. I provide the base of the furnacewith a water-chamber, G, which in vertical cross-section is a squarebox, as seen in Fig. 8. The horizontal plan of this Water-box isrectangular, like a hollow square, which shape is indicated by brokenlines in Fig. 5.

The open center of the hollow square Waterbox is occupied by the grate1B. Thus the heat will evaporate the water in the box G. A suitableplate, a, surrounds the top of the fire-cylinder A and fits within thewalls 0 of the combustion-chamber and makes a tight joint with saidwalls, thereby preventing smoke or gases from passing below said plate.An air-heating space, 11, is thus formed around the firecylinder A andbetween it and the walls 0. This air-heating space is centrally dividedon a line from front to rear by a partition, 0, atdiametrically-oppbsite sides of the cylinder. Two lower air-inlets, d,are in the front wall,

, holes h in the plate.

Serial No. 231,653. (No model.)

0, one inlet being at each side of the said par.

tition, so that cold air entering one of these inlets will pass aroundone side of the fire-cylinder to the rear, and thence through theopening d into the rear lower hot-air chamber, H, and cold air enteringthe other inlet will in like manner pass around the other side of thetal partition, 9, extending from end to end,

which forms two hot-air chambers, H and H, one below and the other abovesaid partition. Outlets d at the rear end of this lower chamber are forthe attachment of ordinary pipes to convey the hot air to any desiredpart of the building. From the rear wall, 0, of the combustion -cham berand above the horizontal partition 9 three smoke-Hues, D, lead. Theseflues have an upward inclination, and all enter a-smoke-box, D, fromwhich a single pipe, 1), leads. This smokepipe has, in lieu of adamper,a draft-regulator, I. This device consists of a horizontal plate,h, secured entirely around the outside of the pipe, and provided withholes h. Thesmokepipe at a p'ointabove the plate has holes 71 andacollar, i. The annular-shaped box I surrounds thesmoke-pipe between thehorizontal plate It and collar i, and incloses that part of the pipewhere the holes z are. The bottom of this annular box is provided withholes j, spaced apartlike the The annular box has a handle, I, and maybe turned freely about the smoke-pipe. It will be seen, by turning thebox I, the holes j in its bottom may be brought to a position coincidentwith the holes h in the horizontal plate, and thus form an inlet by wayof the holes h, j, andi for air to enter the smoke-pipe. When anair-draft is thus established, obviously the smoke-draft will becorrespondingly checked, but the smoke-pipe inside will be unobstructed,thereby affording an outlet for gases, instead of stopping their escape,as an ordinary damper would.

An air-heating chamber, J, is formed in the vertical sides and top ofthe combustion-chamber ()by a wall, J. An" exterior jacket, K, in-

closes this air-heating chamber J and prevents radiation of heat. Coldair is supplied to this chamber J by the side grated inlets, k, whichconduct the cold air in and prevent it entering the dead-air space Z.Outlets k at the top are for the attachment of ordinarypipes to conveythe hot air away. The air heated in the chamber J has moisture impartedto it through the side holes, f.

The rear upper hot-air chamber, H, incloses the three smoke-fines D.Fresh air is supplied to this chamber through two upper airrear wall ofthe said ash-screen 0.

vertical plane.

inlet pipes, m, which pass from the front wall, (2, horizontally throughthe top of air-heating chamber J. Two upright pipes, m, have their lowerends communicating with the water-chamber G, and each pipe passes up adifferent side of the air-heating chamber J, and its upper end connectswith one of the said upperair-inletpipes,m. Thusmoistureissup plied tothe air which passes through the said inlet-pipes m. It will be seenthat three sets of air-inlets have been described-to wit, the two lowerfront air-inlets, d, the side grated inlets k, and the upper frontair-inlet pipes, m. The air supplied by all of these inlets is bothheated and moistened, and when it is delivered into the room orapartment it produces a pleasant and agreeable atmosphere.

The grate B has a central pivot, 01, which bears on a bar, 0, extendingacross the base of the furnace. Two shake-rods, p, are jointed to thegrate, one being at a side diametrically opposite the other. These rodsproject through the front part of the base, and each rod has at its enda loop or hand-grasp,10. To shake the grate B, a person will grasp byeach of his hands a different loop 1), and then push and pull on bothrods. 7

The air-drafts for the fire, to promote combustion, are shown in Figs.1, 3, and 6. The two side walls of the ash-chamber L have airdraft holesq, and the two slide-plates q-one at each side of the ash-chamberserveto close a passage, 1, leading to said holes. I provide a lever, N,which operates. both slide-plates q. The slide-plates (see Fig. 6) movein guides s. The lever N is pivoted at t at one side of thefurnace-base, and a rod, u, connects it with one slide-plate g. attacheda rod, '0, which connects with a lever, w, pivoted at t, and having arod, it, connected with the other slide-plate g. It will be seen that byshifting the end of lever N the two slide-plates will be moved alike,either to open or close the passage 1" to the air-draft holes.

A tilting ash-screen, O, is sustained in the ash-chamber L by pivots w,located near the back of the screen, whereby the said screen 0 may betilted or oscillated up and down in a This oscillating ash-screen is setin motion by two downward-pointing rods or studs, y, Which are rigidlyattached to bosses y on the grate B. Figs. 1 and 3: show thedownward-pointing studs y in contact with the It will now be understoodthat upon turning the pivoted To one end of the said lever is grate Bback and forth, first one and then the other of the said studs willpress against the rear wall of the screen. When pressure is applied tothe rear wall, the latter is forced back, and the screen tilts on itspivots 00, thereby elevating the front part, 00, of the screen. Themoment pressure is released from the back wall, the front part, 00, willfall or drop by its own gravity. This operation of the front part, no,of the screen being first elevated and then dropping, is repeated inquick succession whenever the grate Bis turned back and forth. The frontof the ash-chamber is closed by a door, L.

A feed-door, P, is in the front wall of the furnace. This door hashinges at one end and turns in a horizontal plane. (See Figs. 1, 2, 12,13, and 14.) The .door has a central opening, 2, which is closed by asupplemental door, Q, hinged by its lower edge, 2, to the feeddoor,whereby it turns in a vertical plane. This supplemental door carries onits inner side an inclined chute, R, and on its outer side has a hook,S, for the attachment of a suitable counterpoise-weight. (Notshown)Without a counterpoise-weight the gravity of the chute R, projectingfrom the inner side of this supplemental door, is sufficient to keepsaid door closed.

This device is conveniently operated as follows: When it is desired tosupply the furnace with fuel, a suitable weight should be suspended fromthe outer hook, S, to tilt back the supplemental door Q on its hinge zand to tilt up the lower edge of the chute R. The coal or other fuel isthen passed through the door-opening 2 into the furnace, and when thefire-cylinder is full said fuel may be banked up on thechute and thecounterpoiseweight taken from the outer hook, S, whereupon thesupplemental door Q will close.

For supplying the furnace with coke-fuel I have provided a detachablehopper, T, (see Fig. 11,) which may be hung againstthe front wall,.e. Tothis end two hooks, T, are fixed to the front wall above the furnacedoor 1?, and the coke-hopper T tapers from the open top downward, andone side has near the top two holes, .2 which take on the said hooks T.The front side has at its lower edge a depend" ing flange, 2

The operation of the coke-hopper is as follows: The furnace may first beproperly filled with coke and then the hopper suspended on the hooks.The lower depending flange, 2 at the front side of the hopper, will haveposition in front of the upper edge of the supplemental door Q. Saiddoor may then be tilted back (opened) until its upper edge comes incontact with the depending flange a and held in that position while thehopper T is filled with coke. It will be seen that the coke willpassfrom the bottom of the hopper on to the chute R and will bank upthereon. As fast as the coke in the fire-cylinder A is consumed, thatwhich is in the hopper and chute will feed downward, and as long as anycoke remains in said hopper the supplemental door Qwill remain open,

(tilted back;) but when the coke-hopper becomes empty, then thesupplemental door will close automatically.

5 Having described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by LettersPatent of the United States- 1. In a furnace, the combination of a firecylinder, A, inclosing-walls around said cylinder,forming an air-heatingspace, b, and said wall provided at the front with two air-inlets,

d, a rear hot-air chamber, H, communicating with said air-heating space,and a partition, 0,

' dividing the said air-heating space between the said two frontair-inlets, as set forth.

2. In a furnace, the combination of a closed water-chamber, G, having anopen center like a hollow square, and provided in its top and at therear with holes f, and at the side with holes f, for the emanation ofmoisture, and afire-cylinder, A, having a grate, B, which occupies theopen center of the water-chamber, inclosingwalls forming air-heatingspaces and having lower front air-inlets, d, and side air-inlets, k,

upper air-inlet pipes, m, and upright pipes m, connecting thewater-chamber and said upper air-inlet pipes.

3. In a furnace, the combination of a firecylinder, A, and acombustion-chamber, air- 0 heating chambers, a rear casing, E, having ahorizontal partition, g, forming two hotair chambers, H H, one above andthe other below, smoke-fines D, leading from the combus-.

tion-chamber through the said upper hot-air 5 chamber, and a front wallhaving air-inlet pipes mto supply the upper hot-air chamber, and alsoprovided with air-inletsd to supply the lower hot-air chamber, as setforth.

4. In a furnace, the combination of a firecylinder,walls O,surroundingthe fire-cylinder and forming a vertical combustion-chamber, ahorizontal cylindric casing, E, having one end at the rear of thecombustion-chamber and forming a hot-air chamber, horizontal air-inlethorizontal partition, 9, forming a hot-air chamber, air-inlet pipes m tosupply the said hot- 5 air chamber, a waterchamber, G, in the base toevaporate water, and upright pipes mi, connecting the water-chamber withthe said air- .iulet pipes, for the purpose set forth.

6. In a hot'air furnace, the combination of a grate, B, centrallypivoted and provided with two downward pointing studs, y, and anoscillating ash-screen, 0, having a wall against which first one andthen the other of said studs will press when the grate is turned backand 6 5 forth, as set forth.

7. In a hot-air furnace, the combination of a feed-door, P, turning in ahorizontal plane. and having an opening, 2, and asupplemental door, .Q,hinged by its lower edge and turning in a vertical plane, and providedon its inner side with an inclined chute R, as set forth.

8. In a hot-air furnace, the combination of a coke-hopper, T, supportedagainst the front wall of the furnace, and a door, Q, hinged byits 7 5lower edge and turning in a vertical plane,and provided on its innerside with an inclined chute, R, whereby as long as coke remains in thehopper the said door will remain open, but when the hopper becomes emptysaid door will close automatically.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

FREDERICK E. ADAM.

Witnesses:

JOHN E. MoRRIs, CHAS. B. MANN.

